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f$ r Y @w xY w| S )z{Return a {pid: ppid, ...} dict for all running processes in
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Zd Zd Zed Zd Zd Zd Zd Zd Zd Zd Z dEdZ e red Z d Z d Z!d Z" e#e$j% d rd Z& e#e$j% d rdGd Z' e#e$j% d! rdEd"Z( e#e$j% d# rdEd$Z) e#e$j% d% rd& Z* e#e$j% d' rd( Z+e,rd) Z-d* Z.d+ Z/ e#e$j% d, rd- Z0e1dFd. Z2dEd/Z3ed0 Z4ed1 Z5 e6j7 d23 d4 Z8d5 Z9dHd7Z: e#e$j% d8 rdId:Z;d; Z Z>e1d? Z?e1d@ Z@e1dA ZAe1dB ZBe1dC ZCdEdDZDdS )KrS a' Represents an OS process with the given PID.
If PID is omitted current process PID (os.getpid()) is used.
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Note that most of the methods of this class do not make sure
the PID of the process being queried has been reused over time.
That means you might end up retrieving an information referring
to another process in case the original one this instance
refers to is gone in the meantime.
The only exceptions for which process identity is pre-emptively
checked and guaranteed are:
- parent()
- children()
- nice() (set)
- ionice() (set)
- rlimit() (set)
- cpu_affinity (set)
- suspend()
- resume()
- send_signal()
- terminate()
- kill()
To prevent this problem for all other methods you can:
- use is_running() before querying the process
- if you're continuously iterating over a set of Process
instances use process_iter() which pre-emptively checks
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| | j w xY wddd dS # 1 swxY w Y dS )a# Utility context manager which considerably speeds up the
retrieval of multiple process information at the same time.
Internally different process info (e.g. name, ppid, uids,
gids, ...) may be fetched by using the same routine, but
only one information is returned and the others are discarded.
When using this context manager the internal routine is
executed once (in the example below on name()) and the
other info are cached.
The cache is cleared when exiting the context manager block.
The advice is to use this every time you retrieve more than
one information about the process. If you're lucky, you'll
get a hell of a speedup.
>>> import psutil
>>> p = psutil.Process()
>>> with p.oneshot():
... p.name() # collect multiple info
... p.cpu_times() # return cached value
... p.cpu_percent() # return cached value
... p.create_time() # return cached value
...
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_cacheN) r hasattrr[ cache_activate memory_infor r6 uidsr
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a Utility method returning process information as a
hashable dictionary.
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(e.g. ['cpu_times', 'name']) else all public (read
only) attributes are assumed.
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retrieving that particular process information.
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c 2 t t nt d }| j |k rdS | }|Q| } t | }| |k r|S dS # t $ r Y dS w xY wdS )zReturn the parent process as a Process object pre-emptively
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Nr ) _LOWEST_PIDrV r r r rS r )r
lowest_pidr ctimeparents rq r zProcess.parent s
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)r append)r parentsprocs rq r zProcess.parents- sJ {{}} NN4 ;;==D rs c | j rdS | t | j k S # t $ r Y dS t $ r d| _ Y dS w xY w)zReturn whether this process is running.
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which case return False.
FT)r rS r r r r s rq r zProcess.is_running8 ss
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AAAc t r| j S | j p| j | _ | j S )z`The process parent PID.
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)r6 r r r r s rq r z Process.ppidP s@ :??$$ $ 8tz'8'8DJ: rs c t r| j | j S | j }t rwt | dk rd | }|rThe process name. The return value is cached after first call.N r ) r8 r r r r6 r cmdliner pathbasename
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B*)B*c fd} j e j }|s || }n# t $ r Y nw xY w| _ n## t $ r} || cY d}~S d}~ww xY w j S )zThe process executable as an absolute path.
May also be an empty string.
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c }|rt t d r|t t d rg|d }t j | r@t j | r!t j |t j r|S t | t r| | S )NaccessX_OKr )
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A0 A+%A0+A0c 4 | j S )z3The command line this process has been called with.)r r r s rq r zProcess.cmdline s z!!###rs c d | j S # t $ r
t cY S w xY w)z2The process current status as a STATUS_* constant.)r r r r- r s rq r zProcess.status sB !:$$&& & ! ! ! !s //c t rht t d | j } t j | j S # t $ r t | cY S w xY w| j
S )ztThe name of the user that owns the process.
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Nz0requires pwd module shipped with standard python) r6 pwd ImportErrorr realgetpwuidpw_nameKeyErrorstrr username)r real_uids rq r" zProcess.username s ){!FH H Hyy{{'H
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% :&&(( (s A A-,A-c Z | j | j | _ | j S )zThe process creation time as a floating point number
expressed in seconds since the epoch.
The return value is cached after first call.
)r r r r s rq r zProcess.create_time s,
$ $
6 6 8 8D rs c 4 | j S )z6Process current working directory as an absolute path.)r cwdr s rq r& z Process.cwd s z~~ rs c || j S | st | j | j | j | dS )z'Get or set process niceness (priority).N)r nice_getr r r r nice_set)r values rq nicez Process.nice s] =:&&(( (??$$
:#DHdj999 J & & & & &rs c 4 | j S )zVReturn process UIDs as a (real, effective, saved)
namedtuple.
)r r r s rq r z Process.uids s
:??$$ $rs c 4 | j S )zVReturn process GIDs as a (real, effective, saved)
namedtuple.
)r gidsr s rq r. z Process.gids s :??$$ $rs c 4 | j S )zVThe terminal associated with this process, if any,
else None.
)r terminalr s rq r0 zProcess.terminal s :&&(( (rs c 4 | j S )zcReturn the number of file descriptors opened by this
process (POSIX only).
)r num_fdsr s rq r2 zProcess.num_fds s :%%'' 'rs io_countersc 4 | j S )a
Return process I/O statistics as a
(read_count, write_count, read_bytes, write_bytes)
namedtuple.
Those are the number of read/write calls performed and the
amount of bytes read and written by the process.
)r r3 r s rq r3 zProcess.io_counters s :))++ +rs
ionice_getc |*|t d | j S | j || S )a Get or set process I/O niceness (priority).
On Linux *ioclass* is one of the IOPRIO_CLASS_* constants.
*value* is a number which goes from 0 to 7. The higher the
value, the lower the I/O priority of the process.
On Windows only *ioclass* is used and it can be set to 2
(normal), 1 (low) or 0 (very low).
Available on Linux and Windows > Vista only.
Nz$'ioclass' argument must be specified)r r r5
ionice_set)r ioclassr* s rq ionicezProcess.ionice sJ $$%KLLLz,,...z,,We<< > $U3y/E/E/E+F+F%G%G H H
++DTOO<<<<>> import psutil
>>> p = psutil.Process()
>>> p.children()
B, C, D
>>> p.children(recursive=True)
B, X, Y, C, D
Note that in the example above if process X disappears
process Y won't be listed as the reference to process A
is lost.
)r r r rS r r r r r defaultdictr r popadd) r recursiver} r r r childreverse_ppid_mapseenstack child_pidintimes rq childrenzProcess.childrenh s 6 ;; & %^^ - -
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s% ABBB A%F&&F:9F:c | |duo|dk }||dk rt d|z t pd fd}|r[ | }| j }t j | | }| j }nE| j }| j } | }| j }|||| _ || _ dS |j |j z
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} || _ || _ || z dz }
|
z } t | d S # t $ r Y dS w xY w)a Return a float representing the current process CPU
utilization as a percentage.
When *interval* is 0.0 or None (default) compares process times
to system CPU times elapsed since last call, returning
immediately (non-blocking). That means that the first time
this is called it will return a meaningful 0.0 value.
When *interval* is > 0.0 compares process times to system CPU
times elapsed before and after the interval (blocking).
In this case is recommended for accuracy that this function
be called with at least 0.1 seconds between calls.
A value > 100.0 can be returned in case of processes running
multiple threads on different CPU cores.
The returned value is explicitly NOT split evenly between
all available logical CPUs. This means that a busy loop process
running on a system with 2 logical CPUs will be reported as
having 100% CPU utilization instead of 50%.
Examples:
>>> import psutil
>>> p = psutil.Process(os.getpid())
>>> # blocking
>>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1)
2.0
>>> # non-blocking (percentage since last call)
>>> p.cpu_percent(interval=None)
2.9
>>>
N r !interval is not positive (got %r)r c & t z S r )_timer)num_cpuss rq timerz"Process.cpu_percent..timer s 88h& &rs d ) r r^ r r[ r sleepr r usersystemroundZeroDivisionError)
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@rq r\ zProcess.cpu_percent s F 4':HsN HqLL @8 KLL L ;;#! ' ' ' ' ' %''C*&&((C Jx %''C*&&((CC*C+C%''C*&&((C{ck+.(,/)sh)cj3:.EF
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D;:D;c 4 | j S )a% Return a (user, system, children_user, children_system)
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seconds.
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always set to 0.
)r r[ r s rq r[ zProcess.cpu_times
s z##%%%rs c 4 | j S )a Return a namedtuple with variable fields depending on the
platform, representing memory information about the process.
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All numbers are expressed in bytes.
)r r r s rq r zProcess.memory_info s z%%'''rs r ) replacementc * | S r )r r s rq memory_info_exzProcess.memory_info_ex s !!!rs c 4 | j S )a] This method returns the same information as memory_info(),
plus, on some platform (Linux, macOS, Windows), also provides
additional metrics (USS, PSS and swap).
The additional metrics provide a better representation of actual
process memory usage.
Namely USS is the memory which is unique to a process and which
would be freed if the process was terminated right now.
It does so by passing through the whole process address.
As such it usually requires higher user privileges than
memory_info() and is considerably slower.
)r memory_full_infor s rq r| zProcess.memory_full_info$ s z**,,,rs rssc t t j j }||vr"t d|dt | |t j j v r| j n| j } | }t || }t pt j }|dk st d|z |t | z dz S )a Compare process memory to total physical system memory and
calculate process memory utilization as a percentage.
*memtype* argument is a string that dictates what type of
process memory you want to compare against (defaults to "rss").
The list of available strings can be obtained like this:
>>> psutil.Process().memory_info()._fields
('rss', 'vms', 'shared', 'text', 'lib', 'data', 'dirty', 'uss', 'pss')
zinvalid memtype z; valid types are r z`can't calculate process memory percent because total physical system memory is not positive (%r)rf )r r pfullmem_fieldsr r pmemr r| r
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l+++s22rs memory_mapsTc : | j }|rei |D ]E}|d }|dd } t d | | |< 1# t $ r ||< Y Bw xY wt j fdD S t j fd|D S )a Return process' mapped memory regions as a list of namedtuples
whose fields are variable depending on the platform.
If *grouped* is True the mapped regions with the same 'path'
are grouped together and the different memory fields are summed.
If *grouped* is False every mapped region is shown as a single
entity and the namedtuple will also include the mapped region's
address space ('addr') and permission set ('perms').
Nc | |z S r rm )r{ ys rq z%Process.memory_maps..d s
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dnts rq rr z'Process.memory_maps..h s/ 999t4*!D'***999rs c g | ]} | S rm rm )ro r{ r s rq rr z'Process.memory_maps..k s +++1A+++rs )r r r r r
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numsr r s @@rq r zProcess.memory_mapsR s ''))B
, ' 'D 7D 8D'"%&8&8!D'4"H"H$# ' ' '"&$' .99999q9999 *++++++++s AA%$A%c 4 | j S )zReturn files opened by process as a list of
(path, fd) namedtuples including the absolute file name
and file descriptor number.
)r
open_filesr s rq r zProcess.open_filesm s
z$$&&&rs inetc 6 | j | S )aT Return socket connections opened by process as a list of
(fd, family, type, laddr, raddr, status) namedtuples.
The *kind* parameter filters for connections that match the
following criteria:
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Kind Value | Connections using |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| inet | IPv4 and IPv6 |
| inet4 | IPv4 |
| inet6 | IPv6 |
| tcp | TCP |
| tcp4 | TCP over IPv4 |
| tcp6 | TCP over IPv6 |
| udp | UDP |
| udp4 | UDP over IPv4 |
| udp6 | UDP over IPv6 |
| unix | UNIX socket (both UDP and TCP protocols) |
| all | the sum of all the possible families and protocols |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
)r connections)r kinds rq r zProcess.connectionst s , z%%d+++rs c | j dk rJ | j | j dk rt d t j | j | d S # t $ r] t
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| j r t | j | j | j d| _
t | j | j t $ r t | j | j w xY w)Nr zpreventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it would affect every process in the process group of the calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0T)r r r killr r4 rU r r r r r r r r sigs rq _send_signalzProcess._send_signal s x!|||TX||#x1}} EF F F
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C c v t r| | dS | j | dS )zSend a signal *sig* to process pre-emptively checking
whether PID has been reused (see signal module constants) .
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for kill().
N)r6 r r send_signalr s rq r zProcess.send_signal sB ( c " " " " " J " "3 ' ' ' ' 'rs c t r!| t j dS | j dS )zSuspend process execution with SIGSTOP pre-emptively checking
whether PID has been reused.
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N)r6 r signalSIGSTOPr suspendr s rq r zProcess.suspend sB ! fn - - - - - J rs c t r!| t j dS | j dS )zResume process execution with SIGCONT pre-emptively checking
whether PID has been reused.
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N)r6 r r SIGCONTr resumer s rq r zProcess.resume sB fn - - - - - J rs c t r!| t j dS | j dS )zTerminate the process with SIGTERM pre-emptively checking
whether PID has been reused.
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N)r6 r r SIGTERMr r r s rq terminatezProcess.terminate s@ fn - - - - - JOO rs c t r!| t j dS | j dS )zjKill the current process with SIGKILL pre-emptively checking
whether PID has been reused.
N)r6 r r SIGKILLr r r s rq r z Process.kill s@
fn - - - - - JOO rs c ||dk st d | j t ur| j S | j | | _ | j S )a Wait for process to terminate and, if process is a children
of os.getpid(), also return its exit code, else None.
On Windows there's no such limitation (exit code is always
returned).
If the process is already terminated immediately return None
instead of raising NoSuchProcess.
If *timeout* (in seconds) is specified and process is still
alive raise TimeoutExpired.
To wait for multiple Process(es) use psutil.wait_procs().
Nr z"timeout must be a positive integer)r r r r wait)r timeouts rq r z Process.wait sS w!|| ABB B > * *> ! 11~ rs r FNN)r} Tr )Er r __qualname____doc__r r r __repr__r r r propertyr
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rT a Same as subprocess.Popen, but in addition it provides all
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implementation takes precedence:
* send_signal()
* terminate()
* kill()
This is done in order to avoid killing another process in case its
PID has been reused, fixing BPO-6973.
>>> import psutil
>>> from subprocess import PIPE
>>> p = psutil.Popen(["python", "-c", "print 'hi'"], stdout=PIPE)
>>> p.name()
'python'
>>> p.uids()
user(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
>>> p.username()
'giampaolo'
>>> p.communicate()
('hi
', None)
>>> p.terminate()
>>> p.wait(timeout=2)
0
>>>
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H H H rs rT c V t t j } | d a| S )z&Return a list of current running PIDs.r )rB r rV r r s rq rV rV R s( !##
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*|t v r! t | V n# t $ r Y nw xY w Y w xY wdS )a Return a generator yielding a Process instance for all
running processes.
Every new Process instance is only created once and then cached
into an internal table which is updated every time this is used.
Cached Process instances are checked for identity so that you're
safe in case a PID has been reused by another process, in which
case the cached instance is updated.
The sorting order in which processes are yielded is based on
their PIDs.
*attrs* and *ad_value* have the same meaning as in
Process.as_dict(). If *attrs* is specified as_dict() is called
and the resulting dict is stored as a 'info' attribute attached
to returned Process instance.
If *attrs* is an empty list it will retrieve all process info
(slow).
c t | } | |_ t 5 |t |j < d d d n # 1 swxY w Y |S )Nr r )rS r r r _pmapr )r r r r s rq rV zprocess_iter..add s s|| 58 DDDI
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}t t | fS )a, Convenience function which waits for a list of processes to
terminate.
Return a (gone, alive) tuple indicating which processes
are gone and which ones are still alive.
The gone ones will have a new *returncode* attribute indicating
process exit status (may be None).
*callback* is a function which gets called every time a process
terminates (a Process instance is passed as callback argument).
Function will return as soon as all processes terminate or when
*timeout* occurs.
Differently from Process.wait() it will not raise TimeoutExpired if
*timeout* occurs.
Typical use case is:
- send SIGTERM to a list of processes
- give them some time to terminate
- send SIGKILL to those ones which are still alive
Example:
>>> def on_terminate(proc):
... print("process {} terminated".format(proc))
...
>>> for p in procs:
... p.terminate()
...
>>> gone, alive = wait_procs(procs, timeout=3, callback=on_terminate)
>>> for p in alive:
... p.kill()
c | | }|| s-|| _ |
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D JtQ JJU $$rs Tc l | rt j }nt j }||dk rd}|S )az Return the number of logical CPUs in the system (same as
os.cpu_count() in Python 3.4).
If *logical* is False return the number of physical cores only
(e.g. hyper thread CPUs are excluded).
Return None if undetermined.
The return value is cached after first call.
If desired cache can be cleared like this:
>>> psutil.cpu_count.cache_clear()
Nr )r cpu_count_logicalcpu_count_physical)logicalr s rq r^ r^ sA /+--,..
377 Jrs Fc R | st j S t j S )a Return system-wide CPU times as a namedtuple.
Every CPU time represents the seconds the CPU has spent in the
given mode. The namedtuple's fields availability varies depending on the
platform:
- user
- system
- idle
- nice (UNIX)
- iowait (Linux)
- irq (Linux, FreeBSD)
- softirq (Linux)
- steal (Linux >= 2.6.11)
- guest (Linux >= 2.6.24)
- guest_nice (Linux >= 3.2.0)
When *percpu* is True return a list of namedtuples for each CPU.
First element of the list refers to first CPU, second element
to second CPU and so on.
The order of the list is consistent across calls.
)r r[
per_cpu_timesr@ s rq r[ r[ 0 s* , +$&&&(***rs r@ c t | }t r(|t | dd z }|t | dd z }|S )zWGiven a cpu_time() ntuple calculates the total CPU time
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iowaitr )r idler )r busys rq _cpu_busy_timer l s: DEJD GE8Q ' ''D Krs c | j |j k s J | |f g }t j j D ]H}t || t | | z
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: # # #b"X # # #L &. ) ) b%((72u+=+== ![)) K(((( , //rs c & | duo| dk }| | dk rt d| z d }|s[|r#t }t j | nt }|t }t a ||t S g }|r%t d }t j | nt
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|t
D ]$\ }}| ||| %|S )a Return a float representing the current system-wide CPU
utilization as a percentage.
When *interval* is > 0.0 compares system CPU times elapsed before
and after the interval (blocking).
When *interval* is 0.0 or None compares system CPU times elapsed
since last call or module import, returning immediately (non
blocking). That means the first time this is called it will
return a meaningless 0.0 value which you should ignore.
In this case is recommended for accuracy that this function be
called with at least 0.1 seconds between calls.
When *percpu* is True returns a list of floats representing the
utilization as a percentage for each CPU.
First element of the list refers to first CPU, second element
to second CPU and so on.
The order of the list is consistent across calls.
Examples:
>>> # blocking, system-wide
>>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
2.0
>>>
>>> # blocking, per-cpu
>>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
[2.0, 1.0]
>>>
>>> # non-blocking (percentage since last call)
>>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None)
2.9
>>>
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cpupercent(user=4.8, nice=0.0, system=4.8, idle=90.5, iowait=0.0,
irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
>>>
*interval* and *percpu* arguments have the same meaning as in
cpu_percent().
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D S )a Return system disk I/O statistics as a namedtuple including
the following fields:
- read_count: number of reads
- write_count: number of writes
- read_bytes: number of bytes read
- write_bytes: number of bytes written
- read_time: time spent reading from disk (in ms)
- write_time: time spent writing to disk (in ms)
Platform specific:
- busy_time: (Linux, FreeBSD) time spent doing actual I/Os (in ms)
- read_merged_count (Linux): number of merged reads
- write_merged_count (Linux): number of merged writes
If *perdisk* is True return the same information for every
physical disk installed on the system as a dictionary
with partition names as the keys and the namedtuple
described above as the values.
If *nowrap* is True it detects and adjust the numbers which overflow
and wrap (restart from 0) and add "old value" to "new value" so that
the returned numbers will always be increasing or remain the same,
but never decrease.
"disk_io_counters.cache_clear()" can be used to invalidate the
cache.
On recent Windows versions 'diskperf -y' command may need to be
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)perdiskNpsutil.disk_io_counterssdiskioc , g | ]}t | S rm r rz s rq rr z$disk_io_counters.. s ;;;qCFF;;;rs rm ) r1 r r rd
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I"==?? 3 3KC">62GCLL~ G GW^^5E5E0F G G GHHrs rN r c * t j | S )a Return system-wide socket connections as a list of
(fd, family, type, laddr, raddr, status, pid) namedtuples.
In case of limited privileges 'fd' and 'pid' may be set to -1
and None respectively.
The *kind* parameter filters for connections that fit the
following criteria:
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| Kind Value | Connections using |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
| inet | IPv4 and IPv6 |
| inet4 | IPv4 |
| inet6 | IPv6 |
| tcp | TCP |
| tcp4 | TCP over IPv4 |
| tcp6 | TCP over IPv6 |
| udp | UDP |
| udp4 | UDP over IPv4 |
| udp6 | UDP over IPv6 |
| unix | UNIX socket (both UDP and TCP protocols) |
| all | the sum of all the possible families and protocols |
+------------+----------------------------------------------------+
On macOS this function requires root privileges.
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assigned to the NIC. Each namedtuple includes 5 fields:
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psutil.AF_LINK, which refers to a MAC address.
- address: is the primary address and it is always set.
- netmask: and 'broadcast' and 'ptp' may be None.
- ptp: stands for "point to point" and references the
destination address on a point to point interface
(typically a VPN).
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Note: you can have more than one address of the same family
associated with each interface.
)r r Nc | d S )Nr rm )r{ s rq r z net_if_addrs.. s
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installed on the system as a dictionary whose keys are the
NIC names and value is a namedtuple with the following fields:
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- duplex: can be either NIC_DUPLEX_FULL, NIC_DUPLEX_HALF or
NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN
- speed: the NIC speed expressed in mega bits (MB); if it can't
be determined (e.g. 'localhost') it will be set to 0.
- mtu: the maximum transmission unit expressed in bytes.
)r rc rm rs rq rc rc s # % %%rs sensors_temperaturesc fd}t j t }t j }| D ]\ }}|rz| d \ }}}} || } || } || } |r| s|} n| r|s| }|| t j |||| |zt | S )a< Return hardware temperatures. Each entry is a namedtuple
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hard disk or something else, depending on the OS and its
configuration).
All temperatures are expressed in celsius unless *fahrenheit*
is set to True.
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)r rw rm rs rq rw rw s
')))rs sensors_batteryc ( t j S )a Return battery information. If no battery is installed
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- secsleft: a rough approximation of how many seconds are left
before the battery runs out of power. May be
POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED or POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED.
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)r ry rm rs rq ry ry s *,,,rs c ( t j S )zAReturn the system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch.)r rh rm rs rq rh rh s " ""rs c ( t j S )a Return users currently connected on the system as a list of
namedtuples including the following fields.
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seconds since the epoch.
)r rg rm rs rq rg rg s rs c ( t j S )zjReturn a generator yielding a WindowsService instance for all
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)r win_service_iterrm rs rq r~ r~ s +---rs c * t j | S )zjGet a Windows service by *name*.
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